"海鯽魚" in the Nihon Shoki

The story of Empress Jingu in the Nihon Shoki includes a reference to the "海鯽魚(sea funa fish)."

The story goes that while they were having a meal on board the boat, many 海鯽魚(sea funa fish) gathered around the boat, so Empress Jingu poured some sake over them, and the drunk fish floated up with their mouths open, making the female divers happy.

Immediately after "海鯽魚(sea funa fish)" appears the word "鯽魚(funa fish)" is written twice, but since "海鯽魚(sea funa fish)" is a repeated expression in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, there is no doubt that this is a type of sea bream.
The only question is, red or black?

This story takes place on a boat setting off from Tsuruga in Fukui Prefecture to Toyoura in Yamaguchi Prefecture, and although there are various theories about it, it probably took place in Wakasa Bay.
There are plenty of red sea bream and black sea bream being caught in Wakasa Bay.

However, they gathered on the surface of the water, and the Nihon Shoki casually uses the word "鯛(Tai)" even in a story from 1,000 years earlier, so if it was red sea bream, they would have boldly called it "赤鯛(akadai, red Tai)".
Therefore, I believe this "海鯽魚(sea funa fish)" is black sea bream.

Apparently, in the Seto Inland Sea, when the current of seawater becomes too sudden, the swim bladder of the fish stops functioning properly and red sea bream floats to the surface. There is a theory that this is the same phenomenon and that what was floating around the boat was actually red sea bream, and that the location was the Seto Inland Sea.

However, there is a discrepancy in the seasons in which this phenomenon occurs, and it is difficult to imagine that someone would have traveled overland from Fukui Prefecture to Yamaguchi Prefecture and then boarded a boat, so it is still natural to assume that it is black sea bream in Wakasa Bay.

While red sea bream may be more dramatic, I don't think it comes near the surface in the Sea of Japan.


This article contains many of the author's speculations. Also, since the purpose of this article is to generate interest in Infigo online, I will not list any references. Thank you for your understanding.